This set of images of Korea was acquired by the American Geographical Society from Shannon McCune (1913-1993), Professor of Geography and Asian Studies. The pictures were taken between 1938 and 1939 during McCune's stay in Korea when he conducted research for his doctoral dissertation "Climatic Regions of Tyosen (Korea)". In his captions McCune uses Japanese names for Korean places, e.g. Tyosen (Korea), Heizyo (Pyongyang), or Keizyo (Seoul). For more information, please see McCune, Shannon. Climatic Regions of Korea and Their Economy. Geographical Review, Vol. 31, No. 1. (Jan., 1941), pp. 95-99.
The initial water gauge was built in 1441 under the reign of the king Sejong in order to measure and predict the rainfall by gauging the water level of the Chonggye stream. It was made of wood at first, but changed to stone later. The water gauge was moved to the King Sejong Great Memorial Hall (museum) for preservation in 1973 and designated as Treasure #838.