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Title	Harrison Forman Diary, China, June-August, 1944
Author	Forman, Harrison, 1904-1978
Date	1944-06; 1944-08
Description	Harrison Forman, photojournalist, writes in this extraordinary diary his interview notes with Mao Tse-tung (Mao Zedong), Chinese Communist Party leader, General Chu Teh (Zhu De), founder of the Chinese Red Army, General Yeh Chien-ying (Ye Jianying), Chief of Staff of the Eighth Route Army, and Zhou Enlai, Political Department Deputy Director of the Whampoa Military Academy in Kuangtun Penninsula (Liaodong Bandao in Liaoning Province). Inserted in the diary are pages of questions submitted to Mao and the generals before their interviews. Questions target the precarious relationship between the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang or KMT) and their agreement of 1937 to unify against the Japanese during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945). Forman’s discussions with General Zhu De and General Ye Jianying consist of the communists’ commitment to establishing a democratic China, the intent to avoid a civil war with the KMT, the hope that the Allies will help them support democracy, the Eighth Route Army’s deficiencies in fighting the Japanese, and the future of the CCP and the KMT once the war is over. Forman then interviews Mao, who relays a history of the relationship between the KMT and the CCP since it was established in 1921. He discusses the Northern Expedition, a Chinese Nationalist Army campaign to rid northern China of warlord forces; the civil war between the KMT and CCP; and the anti-Japanese war. Mao mentions the First Congress-Canton, 1924, in which the principles for cooperation between the two parties were engaged; and the San-min Chu-I, Three Principles of the People, which was based on the ideology of the founder of the Chinese Communist Party, Sun Yat-sen. The establishment of the Whampoa Military Academy is discussed, as well as Ch’en Chiung-ming, a military leader who supported establishing a revolutionary government in Guangzhou, which spawned both parties. Events are mentioned such as the Mukden Incident (Shenyang, Liaoning province), the Japanese seizure of the city and invasion of Manchuria, which led to the Japanese-dominated state of Manchukuo. The Sian (Xian) Incident is discussed, in which Chiang Kai-shek was kidnapped by members of his own government due to their disagreement with his concentration on ridding China of communism rather than fighting the Japanese. Finally, Mao talks about the Lugouqiao Incident (Marco Polo Bridge Incident) in where the Chinese refused Japanese entry to search for a missing soldier, leading ultimately to the Sino -Japanese war. Forman questions Mao about the difference between Soviet and Chinese communist, to which Mao responds that the CCP’s revolution is not to spread communism, it is to establish democracy modeled after the United States. Mao’s comparisons to democracy and independence in the United States continue with mentions of President Abraham Lincoln and the Civil War, liberating slaves, President George Washington, and the American Revolution. Forman ends the diary discussing similar topics with Chou En-lai (Zhou Enlai).
Subject	Forman, Harrison, 1904-1978 China--Diaries China--History--Northern Expedition, 1926-1928 Communism--China Sino-Japanese War, 1937-1945 Communists--China--Interviews China--History--Xi'an Incident, 1936 Mukden Incident, China, 1931 Marco Polo Bridge Incident, China, 1937 Mao, Zedong, 1893-1976 Zhu, De, 1886-1976 Ye, Jianying, 1897-1986 Zhou, Enlai, 1898-1976
Continent	Asia
Region	Northern China Manchuria
Country	China
State/Province	Liaoning Shaanxi
City	Quangzhou Shenyang Xian
Language	en
Type	Text
Original Collection Name	Harrison Forman Papers, 1931-1974
Original Item ID	Diary 19
Original Item Medium	Manuscripts; Diaries
Original Item Physical Description	Bound volume; 6 x 8 in.; 29 p.
Original Collection Location	Special Collections & University Archives at the University of Oregon Libraries
Finding Aid	http://nwda-db.orbiscascade.org/findaid/ark:/80444/xv36544
Note	The diaries are part of the Harrison Forman Papers 1931-1974 housed at the Special Collections & University Archives, University of Oregon Libraries. UWM Libraries received the dairies on a loan from the Special Collections & University Archives at the University of Oregon Libraries and digitized them to accompany the digital collection of Forman's photographs. The diaries were digitized to provide research materials for the Forman’s negatives scanned as part of the NEH grant project "Saving and Sharing the AGS Library's Historic Nitrate Negative Images."
Rights	Property rights reside with Special Collections & University Archives, University of Oregon Libraries.
Digital Publisher	University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries
Digital Collection	Travel Diaries and Scrapbooks of Harrison Forman 1932 - 1973
Date Digitized	2011
Digital Format	Tiff PDF
Project Name	NEH Grant Project: Saving and Sharing the AGS Library's Historic Nitrate Negative Images

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