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Erxuan Zhao’s regular-script hanging scroll made at his eight-three years old - 趙爾巽八十三歲楷書立軸

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Title/標題	Erxuan Zhao’s regular-script hanging scroll made at his eight-three years old - 趙爾巽八十三歲楷書立軸
Artist	Zhao, Erxun, 1844-1927
作者	趙爾巽, 1844-1927
Artist Bio	Erxun Zhao, known as Ji-son (courtesy name) and Wubu (pseudonym), has Manchu ethnicity (a family of Plain Blue Banner). He was a Hanlin imperial scholar and a viceroy of Three Northeast Provinces. He is opposed to anti-imperial revolution and dedicated himself to editing “Draft History of Qing”.
作者生平	趙爾巽，字次珊，號無補，滿族(清末漢軍正藍旗人) 。曾任翰林院編修及東三省總督等職，反對民主革命，曾主編「清史稿」。
Date of Creation	1927
創作日期	1927
Period	Early Republic of China
年代	民國初年
Collector	Zhou, Cezong, 1916-2007
收藏者	周策縱, 1916-2007
Main Text	Most of people know things in the past but they are unable to predict events in the future. Only wise persons can foresee upcoming circumstances. Most of people have ordinary intelligence. Even they work their best, it is too late to move lumber after a house is on fire, to find a calabash (as a life buoy) while a ship sinks, and to seek healing medicine as a disease became serious. If there is an ant nest on an embankment, despite harmlessness, a wise person will remove the nest and fill the hole because he or she has calculated risks that the embankment will be damaged once ants destroy its structure. If national affairs can be managed in the same manner, there is no need to worry about undesirable results. History has shown us that a country’s chaos, corruption as well as its officials’ bad reputation are not created overnight. These issues actually result from not being admonished for a trivial defect and not being punished for vice. As time passes, huge political disasters are generated from those without being noticed. Therefore, a king’s followers or courtiers should offer a correct approach on problems and advise against wrong policy without letting things drift along. Many problems which look harmless at first will trigger calamity. Many issues which seem manageable initially will become catastrophes. A wise person can find a trend of change in negligible details and think of a potential crisis and prevent them from happening. (To manage a country successfully, one should keep the following points in mind). First, indulging in pleasure in a party should be avoided. Obsession of hunting should be stopped. In terms of construction, standards related to civil engineering should be strictly followed. Economically, monetary policy should minimize civilian’s loss. Honors and praises should be carefully bestowed on people within regulations. Over-punishment should be restrained in criminal laws. Furthermore, it is necessary to keep a wise person around and distance from villains. Do not overly tolerate evil and hypocrisy. Do not overly utilize military power. Relations between a king and a courtier have to be carefully calibrated. Without any significant credit, a friend should not be bestowed. Frivolous conversation is disallowed even a courtier is well acquainted with the king. In summary, a society can be stabilized if a social order is strictly observed, and people in different social ranks can carry out their duty. If each person takes their own responsibility, no turmoil and political disaster will be generated so a country will be ruled with control.
釋文	天下之事，知其已然，不知其將然者，眾人也。因其已然，而將然未然逆而知之，非深識遠慮者不能。室已焚而徙薪，舟已溺而市壺，疾已成而求艾，雖殫力為之，無及矣。今夫隆然之堤有容蟻之穴，宜若無所損，然周於識者必塞而實之，慮其久而必底於訌潰故也。天下之事皆能如是慮之，尚何後患之有哉！大抵自古國家之所以不治，臣子之所以不軌，固非一朝一夕之積，良由今日以某事為小過而不諫，明日以某人為小罪而不懲，日引月深，不自知其禍亂之成也。故臣之於君，獻可替否而不敢萌一毫姑息之心。始以為無傷，卒至大可傷；始以為不足慮，卒至深可慮。惟君子為能見微知著，思患而預防之；於飲宴則防流連，於田獵則防荒縱，於營饍則防踰制，於貨財則防損民，於爵賞則防僭及，於刑法則防濫殺，於君子則防疏遠，於小人則防玩狎，於聽覽則防容奸，於征伐則防瀆武。夫君之於臣，亦有所當遠慮者：雖愛而不錫以過分之賞，雖舊而不授以非據之官，雖親而不交以褻瀆之談。蓋尊卑之分嚴，則上下之體定；上下之體定，則禍亂無自而生，天下之事可次第而治矣。右錄元人張養浩所著廣廟堂忠告之遠慮按養浩字希孟濟南人幼有學行拾遺不取不輟父母憂其過勤而止之養浩畫則野誦夜則閉戶張燈竊獨長遊京師獻書於平章傳果密大奇之薦入御史臺親造其家四顧壁立，嘆曰：「此真台掾也。」選授堂邑令多惠政去官十年民猶為立碑。
Other Text	Postscript: dedication to Jingping; Signature: an eighty-three-year-old-man, Wubu, Erxun Zhao, made in November, 1927.
題跋與款識	款識: 鏡平先生雅正, 八十三翁, 無補趙爾巽, 丙寅小雪日書.
Seal Content	Seal of Erxun Zhao
印記	趙爾巽印
Language	ch
語言	中文
Subject AAT	Calligraphy (visual work) monographs Hanging scrolls
主題 AAT-Taiwan	書法(視覺作品) 專題論文立軸
Coverage	China
創作地	中國
Original Collection	The Collection of Chinese Calligraphy and Paintings donated by Tse-Tsung Chow
原始集叢	周策縱捐贈書畫集
Original Item Form	Scroll calligraphy
藏品原始格式	書法立軸
Original Item Description	22 x 77 in., paper
外在形式	22 x 77 in., 紙本
Provenance	Donated to the UWM Libraries by UW-Madison Professor Tse-Tsung Chow (Zhou, Cezong, 1916-2007) and his wife Nancy Wu Chow
來源	由威斯康辛大學麥迪遜分校周策縱教授(1916-2007)與其妻子吳南華女士捐贈予威斯康辛大學密爾瓦基分校圖書館
Repository	UWM Libraries Special Collections
典藏單位	UWM圖書館特藏組
Type	Image
類型	影像
Rights	The Board of Regents of the University of Wisconsin System
版權	威斯康辛州立大學董事會
Digital Publisher	University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Libraries
數位出版者	威斯康辛大學密爾瓦基分校圖書館
Digital ID	cs000050
數位識別代號	cs000050
Digitized Date	2012
數位化日期	2012
Digital Collection	Tse-Tsung Chow Collection of Chinese Scrolls and Fan Paintings
數位集叢	周策縱書畫卷軸與扇面收藏集
Digital Format	Jp2
數位格式	Jp2

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Erxuan Zhao’s regular-script hanging scroll made at his eight-three years old - 趙爾巽八十三歲楷書立軸

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